Rice Tungro Disease
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
9 likes•5,877 views
Rice tungro disease is caused by two viruses transmitted by leafhoppers. It causes leaf discoloration, stunted growth, and sterile grains in rice plants. The disease occurs in South and Southeast Asia when leafhoppers feed on infected plants and transmit the viruses, with the green leafhopper being the most efficient vector. Tungro can reduce yields by 100% if plants are infected early. Management strategies include growing resistant varieties, controlling leafhoppers, and plowing infected fields after harvest.
Recommended
More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (20)
Similar to Rice Tungro Disease
Similar to Rice Tungro Disease (20)
More from MOHTISHIM CH
More from MOHTISHIM CH (15)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (17)
Rice Tungro Disease
- 2. WHAT IT DOES • Rice tungro disease is caused by the combination of two viruses, which are transmitted by leafhoppers. • It causes leaf discoloration, stunted growth, reduced tiller numbers and sterile or partly filled grains. • Tungro infects cultivated rice, some wild rice relatives and other grassy weeds commonly found in rice paddies.
- 3. WHY AND WHERE IT OCCURS • Tungro disease viruses are transmitted from one plant to another by leafhoppers that feed on tungro- infected plants. • The most efficient vector is the green leafhopper. • It can immediately transmit the viruses to other plants within 5−7 days. • Tungro infection can occur during all growth stages but, is most frequently seen during the vegetative phase. • Plants are most vulnerable at tillering stage.
- 4. IMPORTANCE • Tungro is one of the most damaging and destructive diseases of rice in South and Southeast Asia. • Tungro susceptible varieties infected at an early growth stage could have as high as 100% yield loss. • Leafhopper vectors prefer to feed on young rice plants
- 5. HOW TO IDENTIFY • Check for presence of leafhoppers. • Check leaves for discoloration. • Discoloration begins from the leaf tip and extends down to the blade or the lower leaf portion. • Discoloration begins from the leaf tip and extends down to the blade or the lower leaf portion.
- 6. POINT TO REMEMBER • Tungro symptoms can be mistaken for physiological disorders specially The yellowing of the plant and its stunted height can be confused as nitrogen and zinc deficiencies and water stress, Pest infestation such as stem borer infestation, plant hopper infestation, and rat damage, and Other diseases such as grassy stunt virus disease and orange leaf.
- 7. CONFORMATION Tungro can be confirmed using serological tools such as Latex agglutination test, Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA) Rapid Immunofilter Paper Assays (RIPA).
- 8. MANAGEMENT Always remember once a rice plant is infected by tungro, it can’t be cured Using insecticides to control leafhoppers is often not effective as green leafhoppers continuously move to surrounding fields
- 9. SOLUTIONS The most practical measures at present, include Grow tungro or leafhopper resistant varieties Practice synchronous planting with surrounding farms Adjust planting times to when green leafhopper are not in season or abundant Plow infected stubbles immediately after harvest to reduce inoculum sources and destroy the eggs and breeding sites of green leaf hopper