1 Invertebrate Zoology Midterm Exam I- Fall 2008 Read through the ...

Invertebrate Zoology 

Midterm Exam I- Fall 2008 

Read through the exam before you begin. This exam consists of four (4) Parts. You must 

provide answers for each Part. However, you are required to answer only a SUBSET of the 

questions (terms, etc.) in Parts I-III. You must answer all 5 of the questions in Part IV. If 

you answer more questions than indicated in the instructions provided at the beginning of Parts I- 

III, your answers will be graded in order, and you will be graded only on the number of questions 

you are required to answer. Feel free to use diagrams liberally. 

Part I. Describe one similarity and one difference between 5 of the following 8 pairs of 

terms. Be sure to indicate which condition applies to which term. (20 points; 4 points 

each) 

1. diplobastic vs triploblastic 

2. choanocyte vs. choanoflagellate 

3. protist vs. animal 

4. meiofauna vs. epifauna 

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5. cnidarian vs. ctenophoran 

6. neodermis vs. epidermis 

7. asconoid vs. leuconoid 

8. acoelomate vs. blastocoelomate 

Part II. Answer 6 of the following 11 questions (36 points; 6 points each). 

1. Identify a synapomorphy for each of the following taxa. 

a. Cnidaria: 

b. Cestoda: 

c. Nematoda: 

d. Ciliophora: 

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2. Dennis has collected the following samples from a diversity of environments. Identify a 

phylum of invertebrates, which is consistent with the criterion provided, that you might 

expect to find represented in each sample. 

a. Marine mud; meiofauna __________________________ 

b. Marine bottom; sessile ___________________________ 

c. open ocean water column; pelagic _____________________ 

d. freshwater pond; benthic _____________________________ 

3. Identify a taxon for which each of the following is a synapomorphy. 

a. colloblast: 

b. neodermis: 

c. rhynchocoel: 

d. miracidium: 

4. Describe the digestive system (if any!) in each of the following taxa. 

a. Entoprocta 

b. Nematoda 

c. Cestoda 

d. "turbellaria" (pick one; but provide at least its common name) 

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5. For each of the following phyla, list an organ or structure that is mesodermal in origin. 

a. Nematoda 

b. Platyhelminthes 

c. Loricifera 

d. Rotifera 

6. Describe the function of each of the following structures/cell types. 

a. mastax in rotifers 

b. gastrovascular cavity in Hydra 

c. pinacocytes in poriferans 

d. adhesive tubes in gastrotrichs 

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7. Describe the role (if any!) that undulopodia/cilia play in the each of the following taxa. 

a. Lobosa 

b. Parabasalia 

c. Rotifera 

d. Kinorhyncha 

8. Indicate which of the following taxa include colonial species by placing YES next to those 

that do, and NO next to those that include only solitary taxa. 

a. Scyphozoa _______________ 

b. Entoprocta _______________ 

c. Rotifera _________________ 

d. Gnathostomulida _______________ 

9. List 4 phyla of invertebrates that include more than 10 described species and rank them in 

order from 1 through 4 based on the number of species they are currently thought to include. 

(Use 1 for the most speciose phylum and 4 for the least speciose) 

Phylum Diversity Rank 

__________________________________ ___________ 

__________________________________ ___________ 

__________________________________ ___________ 

__________________________________ ___________ 

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10. a. Describe 3 distinguishing characteristics of a kinorhynch. 

b. Where would you expect to find a live kinorhynch? 

11. Provide an example of a phylum that includes at least some species that fulfill each of the 

following sets of criteria. 

a. animal with biradial symmetry __________________________________ 

b. diplobastic with tentacles ______________________________________ 

c. monoecious with ventral cilia __________________________________ 

d. resides on lobster mouthparts __________________________________ 

Part III. Answer 6 of the following 9 questions about specific invertebrate groups. (24 

points; 4 points each) 

1. List 3 classes of Cnidaria and for each class indicate whether a medusoid stage is present in 

the life-cycle. 

a. 

b. 

c. 

6

2. Describe 3 differences between a nematode and a nematomorph. 

a. 

b. 

c. 

3. Describe 3 differences between the proboscis of a nemertean and that of an acanthocephalan. 

a. 

b. 

c. 

4. Describe how an axopodium differs from a reticulopodium. 

5. Describe 3 differences between mictic and amictic rotifer females. 

a. 

b. 

c. 

7

6. Describe water flow through an asconoid sponge. 

7. Select a phylum of triploblastic metazoans and describe how the majority of its members 

handle the body functions listed below: 

Phylum: ______________________________ 

a. excretion: 

b. digestion: 

c. reproduction: 

d. locomotion: 

8. Describe 3 differences between the outer layer(s) of the body of a nematode and those of a 

monogenean. 

a. 

b. 

c. 

8

9. Describe the life cycle of Aurelia. 

Part IV. Use the following list of invertebrate life-cycle stages to answer ALL 5 of the 

questions given below. (20 points; 4 points each) 

From the above list: 

ephyra sporocyst cysticanth 

miracidium loricate larva strobila 

amphiblastula cydippid larva onchosphere 

planula larva cotylocidium cercaria 

scyphistoma Mueller’s larva acanthor 

acanthella pilidium larva redia 

chordoid larva redia J-4 

1. Identify 4 life-cycle stages that use cilia (or at least short undulopodia) as their main mode of 

locomotion. 

a. 

b. 

c. 

d. 

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2. Identify 4 life-cycle stages that are parasitic. 

a. 

b. 

c. 

d. 

3. Identify 4 life-cycle stages that are found in only a single phylum (in each case identify that 

phylum). 

a. 

b. 

c. 

d. 

4. Identify 4 life-cycle stages that are produced by sexual reproduction. 

a. 

b. 

c. 

d. 

5. Identify 4 life-cycle stages that are conspicuously different in form than their corresponding 

adult stage. 

a. 

b. 

c. 

d. 

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1 Invertebrate Zoology Midterm Exam I- Fall 2008 Read through the ...

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